How safe are magnetic nanomotors: From cells to animals

Ramachandran, RV and Barman, A and Modak, P and Bhat, R and Ghosh, A and Saini, DK (2022) How safe are magnetic nanomotors: From cells to animals. In: Biomaterials Advances, 140 .

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Abstract

Helical magnetic nanomotors can be actuated using an external magnetic field and have potential applications in drug delivery, colloidal manipulation, and bio-microrheology. Recently, they have been maneuvered in biological environments such as vitreous humour, dentinal tubules, peritoneal fluid, stromal matrix, and blood, which are promising developments for clinical applications. However, their biocompatibility and biodistribution are vital parameters that must be assessed before further use. An extensive quantitative evaluation has been performed for these parameters for the first time through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Investigations of cell death, proliferation, and DNA damage ascertain that the motors are non-toxic. Also, an unbiased transcriptomic analysis affirms that the motors are not genotoxic till 20 motors/ cell. Toxicity studies in mice reveal that the motors show no signs of toxicity up to a dose of 55 mg/ kg body weight. Further, the biodistribution studies show that they remain in the blood circulation after injection and at later stages possibly adhere to the walls of the blood vessel because of adsorption. However, perfusion with physiological saline decreases this adsorption/adhesion. Overall, we demonstrate the biocompatibility of nanomotors in live cellular and organismal systems, and a systemic biodistribution analysis reveals organ-specific retention of motors.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Biomaterials Advances
Publisher:	Elsevier Ltd
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to the Elsevier Ltd.
Keywords:	Biocompatibility; Blood; Blood vessels; Cell death; Drug delivery; Magnetism; Mammals; Nanotechnology; Sodium chloride, Biodistributions; Biological environments; Dentinal tubules; External magnetic field; Magnetic actuation; Micromotor; Microrheology; Nanomotors; Peritoneal fluid; Vitreous humor, Toxicity
Department/Centre:	Division of Biological Sciences > Molecular Reproduction, Development & Genetics Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Nano Science and Engineering Division of Physical & Mathematical Sciences > Physics
Date Deposited:	03 Sep 2022 05:06
Last Modified:	03 Sep 2022 05:06
URI:	https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/76402

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