Narayan, R and Tripathi, S (2020) Intrinsic ADE: The Dark Side of Antibody Dependent Enhancement During Dengue Infection. In: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 10 .
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Abstract
Dengue fever is an Aedes mosquito-borne illness caused by any one of the four different dengue virus (DENV) serotypes (1–4) and manifests in the form of symptoms ranging from mild or asymptomatic to severe disease with vascular leakage, leading to shock, and viral hemorrhagic syndrome. Increased risk of severe disease occurs during secondary infection with a virus serotype distinct from that of prior dengue infection. This occurs by antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, wherein sub-neutralizing antibodies against the virus particles opsonize dengue virus entry via formation of immune complexes that interact with fragment crystallizable gamma receptors (FcγR) on monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. The ADE phenomenon has two components: Extrinsic and Intrinsic ADE. While extrinsic ADE contributes to enhanced virus entry, intrinsic ADE results in heightened virus production by inhibition of type1 interferon and activation of interleukin-10 biosynthesis, thereby favoring a Th2 type immune response. Intrinsic ADE has greater contribution in enhancing Dengue replication as compared to extrinsic ADE. Detailed elucidation of intrinsic ADE during secondary dengue infection can increase our understanding of DENV-pathogenesis and aid in the development of host-targeting antivirals. Here we review literature focusing on intrinsic factors contributing to severe dengue pathology and suggest possible avenues for further research. © Copyright © 2020 Narayan and Tripathi.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Publication: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| Publisher: | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| Additional Information: | The copyright for this article belongs to The Author(s). |
| Keywords: | activating transcription factor 4; gamma interferon; interleukin 10; interleukin 13; interleukin 1beta; microRNA; neutralizing antibody; nitric oxide; protein kinase Syk; toll like receptor 4; transcriptome; virus RNA; virus antibody, adaptive immunity; antibody dependent enhancement; antiviral activity; Chlamydia; cytokine production; dengue; Dengue virus; gene ontology; human; immune response; immunosuppressive treatment; inflammation; innate immunity; macrophage; melanoma; mononuclear phagocyte; nervous system inflammation; peritonitis; protein synthesis; protein targeting; proteomics; Review; RNA processing; RNA splicing; signal transduction; upregulation; vaccination; viremia; virus entry; virus pathogenesis; virus release; virus replication; Zika fever; animal; antibody dependent enhancement; Dengue virus, Animals; Antibodies, Viral; Antibody-Dependent Enhancement; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Virus Internalization |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Biological Sciences > Microbiology & Cell Biology |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2023 09:13 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2023 09:13 |
| URI: | https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/79048 |
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