Dastidar, SG and Nair, D (2022) A Ribosomal Perspective on Neuronal Local Protein Synthesis. In: Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, 15 .
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Abstract
Continued mRNA translation and protein production are critical for various neuronal functions. In addition to the precise sorting of proteins from cell soma to distant locations, protein synthesis allows a dynamic remodeling of the local proteome in a spatially variable manner. This spatial heterogeneity of protein synthesis is shaped by several factors such as injury, guidance cues, developmental cues, neuromodulators, and synaptic activity. In matured neurons, thousands of synapses are non-uniformly distributed throughout the dendritic arbor. At any given moment, the activity of individual synapses varies over a wide range, giving rise to the variability in protein synthesis. While past studies have primarily focused on the translation factors or the identity of translated mRNAs to explain the source of this variation, the role of ribosomes in this regard continues to remain unclear. Here, we discuss how several stochastic mechanisms modulate ribosomal functions, contributing to the variability in neuronal protein expression. Also, we point out several underexplored factors such as local ion concentration, availability of tRNA or ATP during translation, and molecular composition and organization of a compartment that can influence protein synthesis and its variability in neurons. Copyright © 2022 Dastidar and Nair.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
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| Publication: | Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience |
| Publisher: | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| Additional Information: | The copyright for this article belongs to the Authors. |
| Keywords: | adenosine triphosphate; AMPA receptor; glutamic acid; glycine; magnesium; messenger RNA; n methyl dextro aspartic acid receptor; nucleolin; proteome; ribosome RNA; SNARE protein; transfer RNA, bone regeneration; bone turnover; cellular distribution; dendrite; depolarization; DNA binding; exocytosis; fibrillarin activity; genetic modification; hearing impairment; hippocampal CA1 region; homeostasis; human; microtubule; nerve cell; nerve cell differentiation; nerve cell plasticity; polyadenylation; postsynaptic density; protein expression; protein function; protein phosphorylation; protein synthesis; Review; ribosome; RNA translation; stochastic model; synapse; synapse vesicle; synaptic transmission |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Biological Sciences > Centre for Neuroscience |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jun 2022 10:25 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jun 2022 10:25 |
| URI: | https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/73846 |
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