Verma, K and Thattaramppilly, RM and Manisha, M and Jayakumar, S and Marigoudar, SR and Pranesh, AT and Rao, L (2023) Determination of degradation/reaction rate for surface water quality of recycled water using Lake2K model for large-scale water recycling. In: Environmental science and pollution research international, 30 (57). pp. 120207-120224.
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Abstract
The depletion of groundwater resources in the water-stressed regions has led to the overuse of surface water reservoirs. Recharging groundwater by rejuvenating dried surface reservoirs using recycled water is a new sustainable solution. To ensure the prevention of groundwater contamination and associated health risks (as recycled water is used), it is crucial to assess the surface reservoir water quality. The study for the first time suggests the Lake2K model, a one-dimensional mechanistic mass-balance model, to simulate the changes in water quality in a series of man-made surface water reservoirs where recycled water flows under an indirect groundwater recharge scheme (soil aquifer treatment system). The model was developed, calibrated, and validated using field observations to estimate degradation/reaction rate constants for various water quality parameters. The observed average degradation/reaction rate constants for parameters including ammonia-N, nitrate-N, total nitrogen, total organic carbon, and organic phosphorous were 0.043 day-1, 0.04 day-1, 0.043 day-1, 0.055 day-1, and 0.056 day-1, respectively, which were found to be relatively high compared to existing literature, indicating a greater degradation of these parameters in warmer climates. The results showed that the water quality improved significantly as the water progressed through the reservoirs, aligning with field observations. Additionally, the simulated seasonal variations revealed that the maximum growth rate of phytoplankton occurred during July, August, and September for each reservoir, while the nutrient pool (nitrate-N and orthophosphates) experienced the greatest depletion during this growth period. These findings shed light on the dynamics of surface water quality in regions facing water scarcity and contribute to the development of sustainable groundwater management strategies. © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
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| Publication: | Environmental science and pollution research international |
| Additional Information: | The copyright for this article belongs to Authors. |
| Keywords: | ground water; nitric acid derivative; nitrogen, environmental monitoring; human; soil; water pollutant; water quality, Environmental Monitoring; Groundwater; Humans; Nitrates; Nitrogen; Soil; Water Pollutants, Chemical; Water Quality |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Mechanical Sciences > Centre for Sustainable Technologies (formerly ASTRA) |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Feb 2024 11:35 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Feb 2024 11:35 |
| URI: | https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/83723 |
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