Udupa, A and Banerjee, A and Sengupta, K and Sen, D (2021) One-dimensional spin-orbit coupled Dirac system with extended s-wave superconductivity: Majorana modes and Josephson effects. In: Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, 33 (14).
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Abstract
Motivated by the spin-momentum locking of electrons at the boundaries of certain topological insulators, we study a one-dimensional system of spin-orbit coupled massless Dirac electrons with s-wave superconducting pairing. As a result of the spin-orbit coupling, our model has only two kinds of linearly dispersing modes, and we take these to be right-moving spin-up and left-moving spin-down. Both lattice and continuum models are studied. In the lattice model, we find that a single Majorana zero energy mode appears at each end of a finite system provided that the s-wave pairing has an extended form, with the nearest-neighbor pairing being larger than the on-site pairing. We confirm this both numerically and analytically by calculating the winding number. We find that the continuum model also has zero energy end modes. Next we study a lattice version of a model with both Schrödinger and Dirac-like terms and find that the model hosts a topological transition between topologically trivial and non-trivial phases depending on the relative strength of the Schrödinger and Dirac terms. We then study a continuum system consisting of two s-wave superconductors with different phases of the pairing, with a δ-function potential barrier lying at the junction of the two superconductors. Remarkably, we find that the system has a single Andreev bound state (ABS) which is localized at the junction. When the pairing phase difference crosses a multiple of 2π, an ABS touches the top of the superconducting gap and disappears, and a different state appears from the bottom of the gap. We also study the AC Josephson effect in such a junction with a voltage bias that has both a constant V 0 and a term which oscillates with a frequency ω. We find that, in contrast to standard Josephson junctions, Shapiro plateaus appear when the Josephson frequency ω J = 2eV 0/ℏ is a rational fraction of ω. We discuss experiments which can realize such junctions.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Publication: | Journal of Physics Condensed Matter |
| Publisher: | IOP Publishing Ltd |
| Additional Information: | The copyright for this article belongs to the Authors. |
| Keywords: | Josephson effects; Majorana fermions; topological superconductors |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Physical & Mathematical Sciences > Centre for High Energy Physics Division of Physical & Mathematical Sciences > Physics |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Jun 2023 09:28 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jun 2023 09:28 |
| URI: | https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/81798 |
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