Role of Dynactin in the Intracellular Localization and Activation of Cytoplasmic Dynein

Tirumala, NA and Ananthanarayanan, V (2020) Role of Dynactin in the Intracellular Localization and Activation of Cytoplasmic Dynein. In: Biochemistry, 59 (2). pp. 156-162.

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Abstract

Cytoplasmic dynein, the major minus end-directed motor protein in several cell types, transports a variety of intracellular cargo upon forming a processive tripartite complex with its activator dynactin and cargo adaptors such as Hook3 and BicD2. Our current understanding of dynein regulation stems from a combination of in vivo studies of cargo movement upon perturbation of dynein activity, in vitro single-molecule experiments, and cryo-electron microscopy studies of dynein structure and its interaction with dynactin and cargo adaptors. In this Perspective, we first consolidate data from recent publications to understand how perturbations to the dynein-dynactin interaction and dynactin's in vivo localization alter the behavior of dynein-driven cargo transport in a cell type- A nd experimental condition-specific manner. In addition, we touch upon results from in vivo and in vitro studies to elucidate how dynein's interaction with dynactin and cargo adaptors activates dynein and enhances its processivity. Finally, we propose questions that need to be addressed in the future with appropriate experimental designs so as to improve our understanding of the spatiotemporal regulation of dynein's function in the context of the distribution and dynamics of dynactin in living cells.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Biochemistry
Publisher:	American Chemical Society
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to American Chemical Society.
Keywords:	Electron microscopes, Cargo transport; Cryo-electron microscopy; Cytoplasmic dynein; Experimental conditions; Intracellular localization; Motor proteins; Processivity; Single molecule experiments, Cell proliferation, cytoplasmic dynein; dynactin; cytoplasmic dynein; dynactin, animal cell; Article; cell organelle; cell transport; cellular distribution; human; human cell; in vitro study; in vivo study; mouse; nonhuman; priority journal; protein binding; protein function; protein localization; protein protein interaction; protein transport; animal; chemistry; HeLa cell line; metabolism; microtubule; physiology; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Schizosaccharomyces; transport at the cellular level, Animals; Biological Transport; Cytoplasmic Dyneins; Dynactin Complex; HeLa Cells; Humans; Microtubules; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Schizosaccharomyces
Department/Centre:	Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering
Date Deposited:	06 Feb 2023 09:52
Last Modified:	06 Feb 2023 09:52
URI:	https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/79925

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