Geometrical and Sequence Characteristics of $\alpha$-Helices in Globular Proteins

Kumar, Sandeep and Bansal, Manju (1998) Geometrical and Sequence Characteristics of $\alpha$-Helices in Globular Proteins. In: Biophysical Journal, 75 (4). pp. 1935-1944.

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Abstract

Understanding the sequence-structure relationships in globular proteins is important for reliable protein structure prediction and de novo design. Using a database of 1131 $\alpha$-helices with nonidentical sequences from 205 nonhomologous globular protein chains, we have analyzed structural and sequence characteristics of $\alpha$ helices. We find that geometries of more than 99% of all the $\alpha$-helices can be simply characterised as being linear, curved, or kinked. Only a small number of $\alpha$-helices ($\sim$ 4%) show sharp localized bends in their middle regions, and thus are classified as kinked. Approximately three-fourths ($\sim$ 73%) of the a-helices in globular proteins show varying degrees of smooth curvature, with a mean radius of curvature of $65 \pm 33 \AA;$ longer helices are less curved. Computation of helix accessibility to the solvent indicates that nearly two-thirds of the helices ($\sim$ 66%) are largely buried in the protein core, and the length and geometry of the helices are not correlated with their location in the protein globule. However, the amino acid compositions and propensities of individual amino acids to occur in a-helices vary with their location in the protein globule, their geometries, and their lengths. In particular, Gln, Glu, Lys, and Arg are found more often in helices near the surface of globular proteins. Interestingly, kinks often seem to occur in regions where amino acids with low helix propensities (e.g., $\beta$-branched and aromatic residues) cluster together, in addition to those associated with the occurrence of proline residues. Hence the propensities of individual amino acids to occur in a given secondary structure depend not only on conformation but also on its length, geometry, and location in the protein globule.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Biophysical Journal
Publisher:	Biophysical Journal
Additional Information:	The copyright of this article belongs to Biophysical Society.
Department/Centre:	Division of Biological Sciences > Molecular Biophysics Unit
Date Deposited:	04 Jul 2006
Last Modified:	19 Sep 2010 04:29
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/7830

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