Life-cycle analysis of energy and greenhouse gas emissions of automotive fuels in India: Part 2-Well-to-wheels analysis

Patil, V and Shastry, V and Himabindu, M and Ravikrishna, RV (2016) Life-cycle analysis of energy and greenhouse gas emissions of automotive fuels in India: Part 2-Well-to-wheels analysis. In: ENERGY, 96 . pp. 699-712.

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Abstract

In this second of the two-part study, the results of the Tank-to-Wheels study reported in the first part are combined with Well-to-Tank results in this paper to provide a comprehensive Well-to-Wheels energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions evaluation of automotive fuels in India. The results indicate that liquid fuels derived from petroleum have Well-to-Tank efficiencies in the range of 75-85% with liquefied petroleum gas being the most efficient fuel in the Well-to-Tank stage with 85% efficiency. Electricity has the lowest efficiency of 20% which is mainly attributed due to its dependence on coal and 25.4% losses during transmission and distribution. The complete Well-to-Wheels results show diesel vehicles to be the most efficient among all configurations, specifically the diesel-powered split hybrid electric vehicle. Hydrogen engine configurations are the least efficient due to low efficiency of production of hydrogen from natural gas. Hybridizing electric vehicles reduces the Well-to-Wheels greenhouse gas emissions substantially with split hybrid configuration being the most efficient. Electric vehicles do not offer any significant improvement over gasoline-powered configurations; however a shift towards renewable sources for power generation and reduction in losses during transmission and distribution can make it a feasible option in the future. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	ENERGY
Publisher:	PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Additional Information:	Copy right for this article belongs to the PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
Keywords:	Well-to-wheels analysis; Automotive fuels; Hybrid electric vehicles; Greenhouse gas emissions
Department/Centre:	Division of Mechanical Sciences > Mechanical Engineering
Date Deposited:	02 Apr 2016 07:18
Last Modified:	02 Apr 2016 07:18
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/53557

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