Carbon-Nanodot-Based Bicontinuous Particles for FRET-Based pH Sensing

Nayak, S and Banerjee, S and Kamra, A and Das, P and Rana, S (2024) Carbon-Nanodot-Based Bicontinuous Particles for FRET-Based pH Sensing. In: ACS Applied Nano Materials .

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Abstract

Developing smart materials capable of sensing different pH levels is crucial for a wide range of practical applications. Sensors utilizing the Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) modulation mechanism allow sensitive, robust, and environment-independent detection of analytes. Traditional ratiometric FRET platforms encompass a combination of small-molecule/macromolecular dyes or heterogeneous nanomaterials. In situ production of a heterogeneous FRET pair in a single scaffold would greatly simplify the fabrication of solid-state ratiometric platforms, providing an efficient, robust, and photostable device. We introduce a distinct approach to one-step synthesis of a porous organic polymer (POP)-based FRET system for monitoring the pH of a solution and vapors. Using hydrothermal condensation polymerization, soluble precursor monomers are heavily cross-linked to produce POPs. Concurrently, complete carbonization leads to the formation of carbon dots (CDs) that are homogeneously distributed in the POP matrix through imine linkages. This unique bicontinuous POP-CD composite (POP-Dot) features energy transfer from CD to the POP, which is pH-sensitive due to imine bond protonation. Besides the instantaneous change in the color and FRET signal in response to pH modulation, the POP-Dot scaffold exhibits excellent reversibility in both aqueous dispersion and solid state. Notably, POP-Dots demonstrated high sensitivity to the dynamic pH change through a natural antagonistic enzyme pair. Altogether, the straightforward synthesis of a FRET system precluding a ratiometric blend of fluorophores enables high reproducibility, photostability, and reversibility, potentially suitable for the fabrication of pH-sensitive devices. © 2024 American Chemical Society.

Item Type:	Editorials/Short Communications
Publication:	ACS Applied Nano Materials
Publisher:	American Chemical Society
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to publisher.
Department/Centre:	Division of Chemical Sciences > Materials Research Centre
Date Deposited:	14 Nov 2024 21:31
Last Modified:	14 Nov 2024 21:31
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/86792

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