Life cycle assessment of soluble lead redox flow battery

Shittu, E and Suman, R and Ravikumar, MK and Shukla, AK and Zhao, G and Patil, S and Baker, J (2022) Life cycle assessment of soluble lead redox flow battery. In: Journal of Cleaner Production, 337 .

PDF jou_cle_pro_337_2022.pdf - Published Version Restricted to Registered users only Download (5MB) | Request a copy

Abstract

Energy storage deployment for stationary applications is expected to grow in the next decade, and there is a requirement for storage solutions that minimise materials demand. Soluble lead redox flow battery is a type of flow battery in the early phase of design with the potential for a lower cost than other flow battery solutions. This study presents the first cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of the soluble lead redox flow battery. The ReCiPe2016 method was used to assess the 18 midpoint impact categories for 1 kWh of energy storage capacity. The assessed environmental impact categories were compared with the most advanced flow battery, the vanadium redox flow battery, and other commercially available stationary batteries; lithium-ion batteries, lead acid batteries, and sodium-ion batteries. The most significant environmental impacts of the soluble lead redox flow battery are associated with power subsystem components; stainless-steel end plates (a key component of the stack frame), and polymethyl methacrylate bipolar and monopolar frames. Despite their non-optimised technology, the environmental impacts of the soluble lead redox flow battery show promising results compared to other stationary storage applications exhibiting one of the lowest depletion of material resources of all compared batteries, including lithium-ion batteries, lead acid batteries, and sodium-ion batteries. This is even more evident at higher energy to power ratios. Increasing the energy storage capacity of the soluble lead redox flow battery, and the optimisation of power subsystem components can further improve the environmental performance of the soluble lead redox flow battery. © 2022

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Journal of Cleaner Production
Publisher:	Elsevier Ltd
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to Elsevier Ltd
Keywords:	Energy storage; Environmental impact; Environmental management; Environmental technology; Lead acid batteries; Lithium-ion batteries; Metal ions; Storage (materials), Early phases of designs; Energy storage capacity; Hybrid flow; Hybrid flow battery; Lead-acid battery; Material demands; Power subsystem; Soluble lead redox flow battery; Stationary applications; Storage solutions, Life cycle
Department/Centre:	Division of Chemical Sciences > Solid State & Structural Chemistry Unit
Date Deposited:	10 Feb 2022 11:52
Last Modified:	10 Feb 2022 11:52
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/71153

Actions (login required)

View Item