Embracing Urine Diversion for Sustainable (Waste)Water Management: Common Practices, Advantages, and Challenges

Kumari, S and Ramaswami, S (2024) Embracing Urine Diversion for Sustainable (Waste)Water Management: Common Practices, Advantages, and Challenges. In: Journal of the Indian Institute of Science .

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Abstract

Source-separation of urine (urine diversion) is a well-established concept with proven sanitation benefits, promoting sustainable (waste)water management and circular economy, gaining increased attention worldwide. Although urine comprises only 1 in municipal wastewater by volume, it mostly accounts for nutrient loads in wastewater (85�90 of N, 50�80 of P, and 80�90 of K). Source-separation of urine: improves sanitation, conserves water, can partly substitute synthetic fertilizers in agriculture, and reduces energy and space requirements at wastewater treatment plants. This paper reviews the developments in source separation and valorization of urine, its benefits, methods for treatment, and challenges for implementation. Further, implications of source-separation of urine in Indian context (as an example of developing/emerging economy) is highlighted. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.). © Indian Institute of Science 2024.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Journal of the Indian Institute of Science
Publisher:	Springer
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to publisher.
Keywords:	Circular economy; Implication; Municipal wastewaters; Nutrient loads; Nutrient recovery; Sustainable waste; Synthetic fertilizers; Treatment technologies; Urine; Waters managements, Wastewater treatment
Department/Centre:	Division of Mechanical Sciences > Centre for Sustainable Technologies (formerly ASTRA)
Date Deposited:	25 Oct 2024 09:44
Last Modified:	25 Oct 2024 09:44
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/86647

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