Mechanistic insights into the roles of precursor content, synthesis time, and dispersive solvent in maximizing supercapacitance of N-rGO sheets

Yadav, A and Kumar, R and Kumar, S and Sahoo, B (2024) Mechanistic insights into the roles of precursor content, synthesis time, and dispersive solvent in maximizing supercapacitance of N-rGO sheets. In: Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 971 .

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Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) sheets were prepared using the improved Hummers� method, followed by simultaneous reduction and nitrogen doping using an easy solvothermal route to obtain Nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (N-rGO) sheets. The amount of N-doping was controlled using the different amounts of GO and Urea, keeping the ratio of the two (1:3) fixed. Here, we examined several variations in synthesis parameters, viz. change in precursor content, variation in synthesis time, and volume of dispersive solvent. The N-rGO sample prepared with 250 mg GO and 750 mg urea at 24-hour synthesis time in 80 ml dispersive solvent exhibits a superlative specific capacitance of 1244 F/g at 0.5 A/g using 3-electrode measurements in an acidic medium. The high value can be understood via the synergistic roles of optimum defects, degree of reduction, and types of N-environments. The symmetric 2-electrode device prepared by depositing the synthesized material onto carbon cloth exhibits supercapacitance of 635 F/g at 1 A/g current density and high cyclic constancy with capacitive retention of � 96 after 10000 charge-discharge cycles. Our work provides critical mechanistic insights on the complex intermingling of an optimum N-content, the relative amount of the different N-environments, degree of reduction, and disorder to generate a high specific capacitance, remarkably better than previously reported works on similar materials. Notably, a relatively high graphitic-N, with moderate surface N-content (4.64) and a moderate degree of reduction, leads to this higher specific capacitance. © 2023 Elsevier B.V.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Journal of Alloys and Compounds
Publisher:	Elsevier Ltd
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to Elsevier Ltd.
Keywords:	Capacitance; Doping (additives); Electric discharges; Graphene; Metabolism; Solvents; Supercapacitor, Degree of reduction; Graphene oxides; Mechanistics; Nitrogen-doped; Nitrogen-doping; Reduced graphene oxides; Symmetric device; Symmetrics; Synthesis time; Urea, reduced graphene oxide, Urea
Department/Centre:	Division of Chemical Sciences > Materials Research Centre
Date Deposited:	28 Feb 2024 11:22
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2024 11:22
URI:	https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/83612

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