Sarkar, KC and Dey, A and Sharma, P (2022) Deprojection of X-ray data in galaxy clusters: confronting simulations with observations. In: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 516 (1). pp. 992-1007.
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Abstract
Numerical simulations with varying realism indicate an emergent principle-multiphase condensation and large cavity power occur when the ratio of the cooling time to the free-fall time (tcool/tff) falls below a threshold value close to 10. Observations indeed show cool-core signatures when this ratio falls below 20-30, but the prevalence of cores with tcool/tff ratio below 10 is rare as compared to simulations. In X-ray observations, we obtain projected spectra from which we have to infer radial gas density and temperature profiles. Using idealized models of X-ray cavities and multiphase gas in the core and 3D hydro jet-ICM simulations, we quantify the biases introduced by deprojection based on the assumption of spherical symmetry in determining tcool/tff. We show that while the used methods are able to recover the tcool/tff ratio for relaxed clusters, they have an uncertainty of a factor of 2-3 in systems containing large cavities (≳ 20 kpc). We also show that the mass estimates from these methods, in the absence of X-ray spectra close to the virial radius, suffer from a degeneracy between the virial mass (M200) and the concentration parameter (c) in the form of M200c2 ≈ constant. Additionally, the lack of soft-X-ray (≲ 0.5 keV) coverage and poor spatial resolution makes us overestimate min(tcool/tff) by a factor of few in clusters with min(tcool/tff) ≲ 5. This bias can largely explain the lack of cool-core clusters with min(tcool/tff) ≲ 5.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
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| Publication: | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society |
| Publisher: | Oxford University Press |
| Additional Information: | The copyright for this article belongs to the Authors. |
| Keywords: | Galaxies; Gas temperature, Cooling time; Fall time; Free fall; Galaxies clusters; Galaxies: clusters: intracluster mediums; Large cavities; Techniques: spectroscopic; Time ratio; X ray data; X-rays galaxies clusters, Density of gases |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Physical & Mathematical Sciences > Physics |
| Date Deposited: | 15 Jun 2023 08:51 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Jun 2023 08:51 |
| URI: | https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/82001 |
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