Molecular prospect of type-2 diabetes: Nanotechnology based diagnostics and therapeutic intervention

Kerry, RG and Mahapatra, GP and Maurya, GK and Patra, S and Mahari, S and Das, G and Patra, JK and Sahoo, S (2021) Molecular prospect of type-2 diabetes: Nanotechnology based diagnostics and therapeutic intervention. In: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, 22 (2). pp. 421-451.

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Abstract

About ninety percent of all diabetic conditions account for T2D caused due to abnormal insulin secretion/ action or increased hepatic glucose production. Factors that contribute towards the aetiology of T2D could be well explained through biochemical, molecular, and cellular aspects. In this review, we attempt to explain the recent evolving molecular and cellular advancement associated with T2D pathophysiology. Current progress fabricated in T2D research concerning intracellular signaling cascade, inflammasome, autophagy, genetic and epigenetics changes is discretely explained in simple terms. Present available anti-diabetic therapeutic strategies commercialized and their limitations which are needed to be acknowledged are addressed in the current review. In particular, the pre-eminence of nanotechnology-based approaches to nullify the inadequacy of conventional anti-diabetic therapeutics and heterogeneous nanoparticulated systems exploited in diabetic researches are also discretely mentioned and are also listed in a tabular format in the review. Additionally, as a future prospect of nanotechnology, the review presents several strategic hypotheses to ameliorate the austerity of T2D by an engineered smart targeted nano-delivery system. In detail, an effort has been made to hypothesize novel nanotechnological based therapeutic strategies, which exploits previously described inflammasome, autophagic target points. Utilizing graphical description it is explained how a smart targeted nano-delivery system could promote β-cell growth and development by inducing the Wnt signaling pathway (inhibiting Gsk3β), inhibiting inflammasome (inhibiting NLRP3), and activating autophagic target points (protecting Atg3/Atg7 complex from oxidative stress) thereby might ameliorate the severity of T2D. Additionally, several targeting molecules associated with autophagic and epigenetic factors are also highlighted, which can be exploited in future diabetic research. © 2020, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders
Publisher:	Springer
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to Springer.
Keywords:	cryopyrin; inflammasome; nanoparticle; untranslated RNA; inflammasome, autophagy (cellular); cell growth; cell maturation; disease severity; DNA methylation; drug targeting; drug therapy; environmental factor; epigenetics; genetics; histone modification; human; nanotechnology; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; nonhuman; pancreas islet beta cell; Review; Wnt signaling; metabolism; nanotechnology; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; oxidative stress; pancreas islet beta cell, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Humans; Inflammasomes; Insulin-Secreting Cells; Nanotechnology; Oxidative Stress
Department/Centre:	Division of Biological Sciences > Molecular Biophysics Unit
Date Deposited:	22 Feb 2023 03:47
Last Modified:	22 Feb 2023 03:47
URI:	https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/80443

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