High-Strength, Strongly Bonded Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair

Awasthi, S and Gaur, JK and Pandey, SK and Bobji, MS and Srivastava, C (2021) High-Strength, Strongly Bonded Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Cartilage Repair. In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces .

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Abstract

Polyacrylamide-based hydrogels are widely used as potential candidates for cartilage replacement. However, their bioapplicability is sternly hampered due to their limited mechanical strength and puncture resistance. In the present work, the strength of polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels was increased using titanium oxide (TiO2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) separately and a combination of TiO2 with CNTs in a PAM matrix, which was interlinked by the bonding between nanoparticles and polymers with the deployment of density functional theory (DFT) approach. The synergistic effect and strong interfacial bonding of TiO2 and CNT nanoparticles with PAM are attributed to high compressive strength, elastic modulus (>0.43 and 2.340 MPa, respectively), and puncture resistance (estimated using the needle insertion test) for the PAM-TiO2-CNT hydrogel. The PAM-TiO2-CNT composite hydrogel revealed a significant self-healing phenomenon along with a sign toward the bioactivity and cytocompatibility by forming the apatite crystals in simulated body fluid as well as showing a cell viability of ∼99%, respectively. Furthermore, for new insights on interfacial bonding and structural and electronic features involved in the hydrogels, DFT was used. The PAM-TiO2-CNT composite model, constructed by two interfaces (PAM-TiO2 and PAM-CNT), was stabilized by H-bonding and van der Waals-type interactions. Employing the NCI plot, HOMO-LUMO gap, and natural population analysis tools, the PAM-TiO2-CNT composite has been found to be most stable. Therefore, the prepared polyacrylamide hydrogels in combination with the TiO2 and CNT can be a remarkable nanocomposite hydrogel for cartilage repair applications. © 2021 American Chemical Society.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
Publisher:	American Chemical Society
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to American Chemical Society.
Keywords:	Body fluids; Carbon nanotubes; Cartilage; Chemical bonds; Compressive strength; Density functional theory; Design for testability; Hydrogels; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Oxide minerals; Phosphate minerals; Repair; Titanium dioxide; Van der Waals forces, Cartilage replacements; Interfacial bonding; Nanocomposite hydrogels; Natural population analysis; Polyacrylamide hydrogels; Polyacrylamide(PAM); Puncture resistances; Simulated body fluids, TiO2 nanoparticles, acrylic acid resin; carbon nanotube; nanocomposite; polyacrylamide gels; titanium; titanium dioxide, animal; cartilage; cell line; cell survival; chemical phenomena; chemistry; density functional theory; drug effect; growth, development and aging; hydrogel; infrared spectroscopy; kinetics; materials testing; mouse; scanning electron microscopy; X ray diffraction, Acrylic Resins; Animals; Cartilage; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Density Functional Theory; Hydrogels; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Kinetics; Materials Testing; Mice; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Nanocomposites; Nanotubes, Carbon; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Titanium; X-Ray Diffraction
Department/Centre:	Division of Mechanical Sciences > Mechanical Engineering
Date Deposited:	20 Feb 2023 06:01
Last Modified:	20 Feb 2023 06:01
URI:	https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/80371

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