Singh, B and Christina, E (2022) Indigenous microorganisms as an effective tool for in situ bioremediation. [Book Chapter]
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Pollution is a global issue which is one of the major causes of climate change and the reason behind affecting the various ecosystem. As the amount and diversity of pollutants are increasing day by day, it is a challenging task to remove them from nature. There are multiple approaches used for cleaning and removing these pollutants from contaminated sites but one of the most accepted approaches is the utilization of microorganisms during the bioremediation process. Bioremediation is a natural process of cleaning waste material and pollutants from nature with the help of microorganisms. There are several microorganisms involved in this process which can be broadly classified as bacteria, fungi, algae and yeast. The process of bioremediation depends upon the types of microorganisms used, their metabolic activeness and the type of pollutant present at the contaminated sites. We have covered diverse chemical compounds and pollutants (poly-aromatic hydrocarbons, BTEX, chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides, Radioactive compounds and others) present in nature and various strategies like bioventing, biostimulation, composting, bioaggumentation, bioattenuation, bioslurping, biosparging and others which can boost the growth and metabolic activity of microbes used in the process. As the growth and development of microorganisms depend on favorable conditions, various biotic and abiotic factors which can affect bacterial metabolism and growth are also explained here. We have also tried to explain the need for in situ bioremediation due to its huge potential in removing a variety of contaminants and cost-effectiveness over other pollutant remediation processes. The role and effectiveness of indigenous microorganisms in bioremediation and bio decomposition of pollutants as their metabolites and their potential to survive in any extreme condition like nutritional stress and abiotic stress makes them an effective tool for in situ bioremediation process. The role of these microorganisms during the bioremediation of pollutants makes them superior choices over other non-indigenous microorganisms. Irrespective of various pros of the in situ Bioremediation there are certain limitations too which are also explained in this chapter. © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
| Item Type: | Book Chapter |
|---|---|
| Publication: | Relationship Between Microbes and the Environment for Sustainable Ecosystem Services, Volume 2: Microbial Mitigation of Waste for Sustainable Ecosystem Services |
| Publisher: | Elsevier Applied Science |
| Additional Information: | The copyright for this article belongs to Elsevier Applied Science. |
| Keywords: | Biodegradation; Bioremediation; In situ bioremediation; Indigenous microorganism; Pollutants; Radioactive waste; Waste treatment |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Biological Sciences > Microbiology & Cell Biology |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Jan 2023 06:59 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Jan 2023 06:59 |
| URI: | https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/79152 |
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