Operando structural and electrochemical investigation of Li1.5V3O8 nanorods in li-ion batteries

Thamodaran, P and Kesavan, T and Vivekanantha, M and Senthilkumar, B and Barpanda, P and Sasidharan, M (2019) Operando structural and electrochemical investigation of Li1.5V3O8 nanorods in li-ion batteries. In: ACS Applied Energy Materials, 2 (1). pp. 852-859.

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Abstract

We report facile solvothermal synthesis of submicron (sub-micrometer)-sized rod-like Li1.5V3O8 crystals using a mixture of ethylene glycol/water as the reacting media. The crystal structure and morphology of the resulting compound were characterized by Rietveld refinement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermal analysis (TG/DTA). Rietveld analysis confirms monoclinic Li1.5V3O8 crystals with P21/m symmetry having a monodispersed ∼5 μm long and ∼500 nm thick rod-like morphology. As the cathode in Li-ion batteries (LIBs), Li1.5V3O8 nanorods deliver a reversible discharge capacity of ∼239 mAh g-1 in the voltage window of 2.0-4.0 V (vs Li/Li+) at a 0.1 C rate after 50 cycles. Li1.5V3O8 nanorods retain an impressive discharge capacity of ∼161 mAh g-1 after 250 cycles at a 1 C rate. Operando (in-situ) XRD investigation of Li1.5V3O8 during electrochemical (dis)charging confirms the phase transformations from a Li-poor α-phase (Li1) via a Li-rich α-phase (Li2.5) to a β-phase (Li4). Low-temperature performance evaluation of the Li1.5V3O8 cathode exhibits less than 50% of the discharge capacity achieved at 25 °C. Evaluation of dis(charge) behavior over different temperatures suggests that charge transfer resistance (Rct) plays a crucial role in determining Li-ion diffusivity vis-à-vis specific capacity at low-temperature.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	ACS Applied Energy Materials
Publisher:	American Chemical Society
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to American Chemical Society.
Keywords:	Cathodes; Charge transfer; Crystal symmetry; Electric discharges; Ethylene; Ethylene glycol; High resolution transmission electron microscopy; Ions; Lithium-ion batteries; Low temperature properties; Morphology; Nanorods; Rietveld analysis; Rietveld refinement; Scanning electron microscopy; Temperature; Thermoanalysis; X ray diffraction; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Charge transfer resistance; Crystal structure and morphology; Electrochemical investigations; Ethylene glycol/water; In-situ XRD; Li1.5V3O8; Low temperature performance; Solvothermal synthesis, Lithium compounds
Department/Centre:	Division of Chemical Sciences > Materials Research Centre
Date Deposited:	28 Nov 2022 07:20
Last Modified:	28 Nov 2022 07:20
URI:	https://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/78080

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