Three decades of depth-dependent groundwater response to climate variability and human regime in the transboundary Indus-Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna mega river basin aquifers

Malakar, P and Mukherjee, A and Bhanja, SN and Ganguly, AR and Ray, RK and Zahid, A and Sarkar, S and Saha, D and Chattopadhyay, S (2021) Three decades of depth-dependent groundwater response to climate variability and human regime in the transboundary Indus-Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna mega river basin aquifers. In: Advances in Water Resources, 149 .

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Abstract

Groundwater plays a major role in human adaptation and ecological sustainability against climate variability by providing global water and food security. In the Indus-Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna aquifers (IGBM), groundwater abstraction has been reported to be one of the primary contributors to groundwater storage variability. However, there is still a lack of understanding on the relative influence of climate and abstraction on groundwater. Data-guided statistical studies are reported to be crucial in understanding the human-natural complex system. Here, we attributed the long-term (1985�2015) impact of local-precipitation, global-climate cycles, and human influence on multi-depth groundwater levels (n=6753) in the IGBM using lag correlation analysis, wavelet coherence analysis, and regression-based dominance analysis. Our findings highlight the variable patterns of phase lags observed between multi-depth groundwater levels and precipitation depending on the different nature of climatic and anthropogenic drivers in different parts of the basin. We observed intuitive responses, i.e., rapid response in shallow groundwater and relatively delayed responses to the global climate patterns with increasing depth. However, in the most exploited areas, the hydrological processes governing the groundwater recharge are overwhelmed by unsustainable groundwater abstraction, thus decoupling the hydro-climatic continuum. Our results also suggest groundwater abstraction to be the dominant influence in most of the basin, particularly at the greater depth of the aquifer, thus highlighting the importance of understanding multi-depth groundwater dynamics for future groundwater management and policy interventions. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Advances in Water Resources
Publisher:	Elsevier Ltd
Additional Information:	The copyright of this article belongs to Elsevier Ltd
Keywords:	Aquifers; Climatology; Digital storage; Food supply; Hydrogeology; Water conservation; Water management, Correlation analysis; Ecological sustainability; Ground water recharge; Groundwater abstraction; Groundwater dynamics; Groundwater management; Hydrological process; Natural complex systems, Groundwater resources
Department/Centre:	Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Interdisciplinary Centre for Water Research
Date Deposited:	04 Mar 2021 06:44
Last Modified:	04 Mar 2021 06:44
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/68061

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