A nanopillar array on black titanium prepared by reactive ion etching augments cardiomyogenic commitment of stem cells

Das Ghosh, Lopamudra and Hasan, Jafar and Jain, Aditi and Sundaresan, Nagalingam R and Chatterjee, Kaushik (2019) A nanopillar array on black titanium prepared by reactive ion etching augments cardiomyogenic commitment of stem cells. In: NANOSCALE, 11 (43). pp. 20766-20776.

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Abstract

A major impediment in the clinical translation of stem cell therapy has been the inability to efficiently and reproducibly direct differentiation of a large population of stem cells. Thus, we aimed to engineer a substrate for culturing stem cells to efficiently induce cardiomyogenic lineage commitment. In this work, we present a nanopillar array on the surface of titanium that was prepared by mask-less reactive ion etching. Scanning electron and atomic force microscopy revealed that the surface was covered by vertically aligned nanopillars each of approximate to 1 mu m with a diameter of approximate to 80 nm. The nanopillars supported the attachment and proliferation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Cardiomyogenic lineage commitment of the stem cells was more enhanced on the nanopillars than on the smooth surface. When co-cultured with neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, the cyclic pattern of calcium transport observed distinctly in cells differentiated on the arrays compared to the cells cultured on the smooth surface was the functional validation of differentiation. The use of small molecule inhibitors revealed that integrins namely, alpha(2)beta(1) and alpha(v)beta(3), are essential for cardiomyogenesis on the nanostructured surface, which is further mediated by FAK, Erk and Akt cell signaling pathways. This study demonstrates that the nanopillar array efficiently promotes the cardiomyogenic lineage commitment of stem cells via integrin-mediated signaling and can potentially serve as a platform for the ex vivo differentiation of stem cells toward cell therapy in cardiac tissue repair and regeneration.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	NANOSCALE
Publisher:	ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
Additional Information:	Copyright of this article belongs to ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND
Keywords:	MULTI-BIOFUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX PROTEINS; CARDIAC DIFFERENTIATION; OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; INTEGRIN; SURFACE; TOPOGRAPHY; EXPRESSION; ADHESION; MECHANOTRANSDUCTION
Department/Centre:	Division of Biological Sciences > Microbiology & Cell Biology Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering Division of Mechanical Sciences > Materials Engineering (formerly Metallurgy)
Date Deposited:	09 Jan 2020 10:02
Last Modified:	09 Jan 2020 10:02
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/64306

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