Deciphering Hydrodynamic and Drug-Resistant Behaviors of Metastatic EMT Breast Cancer Cells Moving in a Constricted Microcapillary

Nath, Binita and Bidkar, Anil P and Kumar, Vikash and Dalal, Amaresh and Jolly, Mohit Kumar and Ghosh, Siddhartha S and Biswas, Gautam (2019) Deciphering Hydrodynamic and Drug-Resistant Behaviors of Metastatic EMT Breast Cancer Cells Moving in a Constricted Microcapillary. In: JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE, 8 (8).

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Abstract

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) induces cell migration, invasion, and drug resistance, and consequently, contributes to cancer metastasis and disease aggressiveness. This study attempted to address crucial biological parameters to correlate EMT and drug-treated cancer cells traversing through microcapillaries, reminiscent of metastatic conditions. MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells induced to undergo EMT by treatment with 20 ng/mL of epidermal growth factor (EGF) were initially passed through several blockages and then through a constricted microchannel, mimicking the flow of invasive metastatic cells through constricted blood microcapillaries. EMT cells acquired enhanced migratory properties and retained 50% viability, even after migration through wells 10-15 mu m in size and a constricted passage of 7 mu m and 150 mu m in length at a constant flow rate of 50 mu L/h. The hydrodynamic properties revealed cellular deformation with a deformation index, average transit velocity, and entry time of 2.45, 12.3 mm/s, and 31,000 mu s, respectively for a cell of average diameter 19 mu m passing through one of the 7 mu m constricted sections. Interestingly, cells collected at the channel outlet regained epithelial character, undergoing reverse transition (mesenchymal to epithelial transition, MET) in the absence of EGF. Remarkably, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis confirmed increases of 2- and 2.7-fold in the vimentin and fibronectin expression in EMT cells, respectively; however, their expression reduced to basal level in the MET cells. A scratch assay revealed the pronounced migratory nature of EMT cells compared with MET cells. Furthermore, the number of colonies formed from EMT cells and paclitaxel-treated EMT cells after passing through a constriction were found to be 95 +/- 10 and 79 +/- 4, respectively, confirming that the EMT cells were more drug resistant with a concomitant two-fold higher expression of the multi-drug resistance (MDR1) gene. Our results highlight the hydrodynamic and drug-evading properties of cells that have undergone an EMT, when passed through a constricted microcapillary that mimics their journey in blood circulation.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
Publisher:	MDPI
Additional Information:	copyright for this article belongs to MDPI
Keywords:	metastasis; constricted microchannel; hydrodynamic parameters; breast cancer cells; epithelial to mesenchymal transition; EMT; mesenchymal to epithelial transition; MET; cell viability
Department/Centre:	Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering
Date Deposited:	16 Oct 2019 09:24
Last Modified:	16 Oct 2019 09:24
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/63655

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