Polycondensation of thiophene-flanked cyanopyridine and carbazole via direct arylation polymerization for solar cell application

Hemavathi, B and Kesavan, Arul Varman and Chandrashekara, GK and Ramamurthy, Praveen C and Pai, Ranjith Krishna and Ahipa, TN and Balakrishna, Geetha R (2018) Polycondensation of thiophene-flanked cyanopyridine and carbazole via direct arylation polymerization for solar cell application. In: REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS, 133 . pp. 1-8.

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Abstract

In this work, we report the synthesis of new pi-conjugated polymer designs through the polycondensation of 2-(octyloxy)-4,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)nicotinonitrile (M1) and 3,6-dibromo-9-octy1-9H-carbazole (2a) or 3,6-dibromo9-hexadecyl-9H-carbazole (2b) via palladium-catalysed direct arylation polymerization (DArP) reaction for solar cell application. The DArP reactions were carried out in three major solvents (i.e. toluene, dimethyformamide (DMF), and dimethylacetamide (DMA) with triphenylphosphine (as ligand), and K2CO3 (as base), respectively. Polymerization reaction conditions were carefully optimized with and without the addition of pivalic acid (PivOH) as additive. Interestingly, the polymer synthesized in PivOH and DMA solvent under the aforementioned reaction conditions yielded the considerably high molecular weight (M-n) of 21.1 kDa and PDI of 1.14 than the rest of polymeric reactions conditions. Thus, DArP reaction under Pd(OAc)(2), PPh3, K2CO3, PivOH and DMA conditions were found to be the ideal reaction conditions for the current monomeric systems. The synthesized polymer was used for photovoltaic studies and with the minimum optimization the obtained power conversion efficiency is reported.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Additional Information:	Copyright of this article belongs to ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Keywords:	Cyanopyridine; Direct arylation polymerization; Photovoltaic; Bulkhetero junction; Thermal stability
Department/Centre:	Division of Mechanical Sciences > Materials Engineering (formerly Metallurgy)
Date Deposited:	08 Feb 2019 11:33
Last Modified:	08 Feb 2019 11:33
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/61369

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