Identification of type and degree of railway ballast fouling using ground coupled GPR antennas

Anbazhagan, P and Dixit, Naresh PS and Bharatha, TP (2016) Identification of type and degree of railway ballast fouling using ground coupled GPR antennas. In: JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS, 126 . pp. 183-190.

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Abstract

GPR is widely used for ballast fouling identification, however, there are no robust guidelines to find the degree and type of fouling quantitatively. In this study, GPR studies were carried out on model and actual railway tracks using three ground coupled antennas and considering three fouling materials. Three ground coupled antennas viz., 100 MHz, 500 MHz and 800 MHz antennas were used for the initial survey and it was found that the 800 MHz ground coupled antenna is an optimum one to get quality results. Three major fouling materials viz., screened/broken ballast, coal and iron ore were used to construct prototype model sections, which were 1/2 of the actual Indian broad-gauge railway track. A separate model section has been created for each degree and type of fouling and GPR surveys were carried out. GPR study shows that increasing the fouling content results in a decrease in the Electromagnetic Wave (EMW) velocity and an increase in the dielectric constant. EMW velocity of ballast fouled with screened ballast was found to be more than coal fouled ballast and iron ore fouled ballast at any degree of fouling and EMW velocity of iron ore fouled ballast was found to be less than coal and screen ballast fouled ballast. Dielectric constant of iron ore fouled ballast was found to be higher than coal and screen ballast fouled ballast for all degrees of fouling. Average slope of the trend line of screen ballast fouled section is low (25.6 degrees), coal fouled ballast is medium (27.8 degrees) and iron ore fouled ballast is high (47.6 degrees). (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	JOURNAL OF APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
Publisher:	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
Additional Information:	Copy right for this article belongs to the ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
Keywords:	Railway ballast; Fouling; GPR; Dielectric constant; Fouling percentage
Department/Centre:	Division of Mechanical Sciences > Civil Engineering
Date Deposited:	02 Apr 2016 05:32
Last Modified:	02 Apr 2016 05:32
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/53586

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