Cytokines and Blastocyst Hatching

Seshagiri, Polani B and Vani, Venkatappa and Madhulika, Pathak (2016) Cytokines and Blastocyst Hatching. In: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, 75 (3, SI). pp. 208-217.

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Abstract

Blastocyst implantation into the uterine endometrium establishes early pregnancy. This event is regulated by blastocyst- and/or endometrium-derived molecular factors which include hormones, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, cytokines and proteases. Their coordinated expression and function are critical for a viable pregnancy. A rate-limiting event that immediately precedes implantation is the hatching of blastocyst. Ironically, blastocyst hatching is tacitly linked to peri-implantation events, although it is a distinct developmental phenomenon. The exact molecular network regulating hatching is still unclear. A number of implantation-associated molecular factors are expressed in the pre-implanting blastocyst. Among others, cytokines, expressed by peri-implantation blastocysts, are thought to be important for hatching, making blastocysts implantation competent. Pro-inflammatory (IL-6, LIF, GM-CSF) and anti-inflammatory (IL-11, CSF-1) cytokines improve hatching rates; they modulate proteases (MMPs, tPAs, cathepsins and ISP1). However, functional involvement of cytokines and their specific mediation of hatching-associated proteases are unclear. There is a need to understand mechanistic roles of cytokines and proteases in blastocyst hatching. This review will assess the available knowledge on blastocyst-derived pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and their role in potentially regulating blastocyst hatching. They have implications in our understanding of early embryonic loss and infertility in mammals, including humans.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	AMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
Publisher:	WILEY-BLACKWELL
Additional Information:	Copy right for this article belongs to the WILEY-BLACKWELL, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
Keywords:	Anti-inflammatory; female infertility; hatching failure; pro-inflammatory; proteases; zona lysis
Department/Centre:	Division of Biological Sciences > Molecular Reproduction, Development & Genetics
Date Deposited:	02 Apr 2016 10:55
Last Modified:	17 Jun 2016 05:12
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/53451

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