Chandra, Kousik (2014) Noise Detected NMR Spectroscopy. In: JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE, 94 (4). pp. 517-526.
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Spin noise phenomenon was predicted way back in 1946. However, experimental investigations regarding spin noise became possible only recently with major technological improvements in NMR hardware. These experiments have several potential novel applications and also demand refinements in the existing theoretical framework to explain the phenomenon. Elegance of noise spectroscopy in gathering information about the properties of a system lies in the fact that it does not require external perturbation, and the system remains in thermal equilibrium. Spin noise is intrinsic magnetic fluctuations, and both longitudinal and transverse components have been detected independently in many systems. Detection of fluctuating longitudinal magnetization leads to field of Magnetic Resonance Force Microscopy (MRFM) that can efficiently probe very few spins even down to the level of single spin utilizing ultrasensitive cantilevers. Transverse component of spin noise, which can simultaneously monitor different resonances over a given frequency range enabling one to distinguish between different chemical environments, has also received considerable attention, and found many novel applications. These experiments demand a detailed understanding of the underlying spin noise phenomenon in order to perform perturbation-free magnetic resonance and widen the highly promising application area. Detailed investigations of noise magnetization have been performed recently using force microscopy on equilibrium ensemble of paramagnetic alkali atoms. It was observed that random fluctuations generate spontaneous spin coherences which has similar characteristics as generated by macroscopic magnetization of polarized ensemble in terms of precession and relaxation properties. Several other intrinsic properties like g-factors, isotope-abundance ratios, hyperfine splitting, spin coherence lifetimes etc. also have been achieved without having to excite the sample. In contrast to MRFM-approaches, detection of transverse spin noise also offers novel applications, attracting considerable attention. This has unique advantage as different resonances over a given frequency range enable one to distinguish between different chemical environments. Since these noise signatures scale inversely with sample size, these approaches lead to the possibility of non-perturbative magnetic resonance of small systems down to nano-scale. In this review, these different approaches will be highlighted with main emphasis on transverse spin noise investigations.
| Item Type: | Journal Article |
|---|---|
| Publication: | JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE |
| Additional Information: | Copy right for this article belongs to the INDIAN INST SCIENCE, INDIAN INST SCIENCE, BANGALORE 560012, INDIA |
| Department/Centre: | Division of Chemical Sciences > NMR Research Centre (Formerly Sophisticated Instruments Facility) |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Jan 2015 04:51 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Jan 2015 04:51 |
| URI: | http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/50643 |
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