Carbonaceous nickel oxide nano-composites: as electrode materials in electrochemical capacitor applications

Jena, Anirudha and Munichandraiah, N and Shivashankar, SA (2013) Carbonaceous nickel oxide nano-composites: as electrode materials in electrochemical capacitor applications. In: Journal of Power Sources, 237 . pp. 156-166.

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Abstract

Carbonaceous nickel oxide powder samples have been synthesized from an adducted nickel beta-ketoester complex used as a ``single source precursor'' through a solution-based microwave-assisted chemical route. Comprehensive analysis of the resulting powder material has been carried out using various characterization techniques. These analysis reveal that, depending on the solvent used, either NiO/C or Ni/NiO/C composites are formed, wherein Ni and/or NiO nanocrystals are enveloped in amorphous carbon. As the components emerge from the same molecular source, the composites are homogeneous on a fine scale, making them promising electrode materials for supercapacitors. Electrochemical capacitive behavior of these oxide composites is studied in a three-electrode configuration. With a specific capacitance of 113 F g(-1), Ni/NiO/C is superior to NiO/C as capacitor electrode material, in 0.1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. This is confirmed by impedance measurements, which show that charge-transfer resistance and equivalent series resistance are lower in Ni/NiO/C than in NiO/C, presumably because of the presence of metallic nickel in the former. The cyclic voltammograms are nearly rectangular and the electrodes display excellent cyclability in different electrolytes: Na2SO4, KOH and Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O. Specific capacitance as high as 143 F g(-1), is measured in Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O electrolyte.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Journal of Power Sources
Publisher:	Elsevier Science
Additional Information:	Copyright of this article belongs to Elsevier Science.
Keywords:	Microwave; Nickel/Nickel Oxide Carbonaceous Composite; Supercapacitor; Metalorganic Complex
Department/Centre:	Division of Chemical Sciences > Inorganic & Physical Chemistry Division of Chemical Sciences > Materials Research Centre Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Nano Science and Engineering
Date Deposited:	02 Sep 2013 06:17
Last Modified:	02 Sep 2013 06:17
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/46943

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