ePrints@IIScePrints@IISc Home | About | Browse | Latest Additions | Advanced Search | Contact | Help

All-Male Groups in Asian Elephants: A Novel, Adaptive Social Strategy in Increasingly Anthropogenic Landscapes of Southern India

Sriniyasaiah, Nishant and Kumar, Vinod and Vaidyanathan, Srinivas and Sukumar, Raman and Sinha, Anindya (2019) All-Male Groups in Asian Elephants: A Novel, Adaptive Social Strategy in Increasingly Anthropogenic Landscapes of Southern India. In: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 9 .

[img]
Preview
PDF
sci_rep_9_2019.pdf - Published Version

Download (1MB) | Preview
Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-45130-1

Abstract

Male Asian elephants are known to adopt a high-risk high-gain foraging strategy by venturing into agricultural areas and feeding on nutritious crops in order to improve their reproductive fitness. We hypothesised that the high risks to survival posed by increasingly urbanising and often unpredictable production landscapes may necessitate the emergence of behavioural strategies that allow male elephants to persist in such landscapes. Using 1445 photographic records of 248 uniquely identified male Asian elephants over a 23-month period, we show that male Asian elephants display striking emergent behaviour, particularly the formation of stable, long-term all-male groups, typically in non-forested or human-modified and highly fragmented areas. They remained solitary or associated in mixed-sex groups, however, within forested habitats. These novel, large all-male associations, may constitute a unique life history strategy for male elephants in the high-risk but resource-rich production landscapes of southern India. This may be especially true for the adolescent males, which seemed to effectively improve their body condition by increasingly exploiting anthropogenic resources when in all-male groups. This observation further supports our hypothesis that such emergent behaviours are likely to constitute an adaptive strategy for male Asian elephants that may be forced to increasingly confront anthropogenically intrusive environments.

Item Type: Journal Article
Publication: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Additional Information: Copyright for this article belongs to NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Keywords: AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; CROP-RAIDERS; BODY-SIZE; ORGANIZATION; BEHAVIOR; EVOLUTION; CONFLICT; CHOICE; AREAS
Department/Centre: Division of Biological Sciences > Centre for Ecological Sciences
Date Deposited: 07 Nov 2019 11:41
Last Modified: 07 Nov 2019 11:41
URI: http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/63255

Actions (login required)

View Item View Item