Protective Role of Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane from Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Krishna, Lekshmi and Dhamodaran, Kamesh and Subramani, Murali and Ponnulagu, Murugeswari and Jeyabalan, Nallathambi and Meka, Sai Rama Krishna and Jayadev, Chaitra and Shetty, Rohit and Chatterjee, Kaushik and Khora, Samanta Sekhar and Das, Debashish (2019) Protective Role of Decellularized Human Amniotic Membrane from Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage on Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells. In: ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, 5 (1, SI). pp. 357-372.

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Abstract

Oxidative stress is an important cause for several retinal aging diseases. Cell therapy using a decellularized human amniotic membrane (dHAM) as a tissue scaffold for retinal pigment epithelial cells has a potential therapeutic role under such pathological conditions. This is attributed by the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, low-immunogenicity aspects of dHAM, apart from harboring a drug reservoir potential. The underlying mechanisms for maintaining the physiological properties of transplanted cells and their survival in a diseased milieu using dHAM has remained unexplored/unanswered. Hence, we investigated the potential role of dHAM in preserving the cellular functions of retinal pigment epithelium in an oxidative stress environment. Adult human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cells were cultured on dHAM or tissue culture dishes under hyperoxia. Gene expression, immunofluorescence staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to assess the levels of reactive oxygen species, proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, phagocytosis, and secretion of vascular endothelial factors. These results indicate reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, generation of reactive oxygen species (p <= 0.0001), and apoptosis (p <= 0.05) in cells cultured on dHAM, compared to those on tissue culture dishes under oxidative stress conditions. Concomitantly, the secretion of the vascular endothelial growth factor was significantly reduced (p <= 0.01) on dHAM. Phagocytic activity was significantly higher (p <= 0.001) in cells cultured on dHAM and were comparable to those cells cultured on tissue culture dishes. SEM images showed a clustered growth pattern on dHAM compared to an elongated morphology when cultured on tissue culture dishes under oxidative stress conditions. These findings demonstrate the utility of dHAM as a scaffold for growing retinal epithelial cells and to maintain their physiological properties in an oxidative stress condition with a potential to develop regenerative medicine strategies to treat degenerative eye diseases.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
Publisher:	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Additional Information:	Copyright of this article belongs to AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Keywords:	decellularized human amniotic membrane; retinal pigment epithelium; oxidative stress
Department/Centre:	Division of Mechanical Sciences > Materials Engineering (formerly Metallurgy)
Date Deposited:	15 Feb 2019 08:58
Last Modified:	15 Feb 2019 08:58
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/61723

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