Magnetic field assisted stem cell differentiation - role of substrate magnetization in osteogenesis

Boda, Sunil Kumar and Thrivikraman, Greeshma and Basu, Bikramjit (2015) Magnetic field assisted stem cell differentiation - role of substrate magnetization in osteogenesis. In: JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B, 3 (16). pp. 3150-3168.

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Abstract

Among the multiple modulatory physical cues explored to regulate cellular processes, the potential of magneto-responsive substrates in magnetic field stimulated stem cell differentiation is still unperceived. In this regard, the present work demonstrates how an external magnetic field can be applied to direct stem cell differentiation towards osteogenic commitment. A new culture methodology involving periodic delivery of 100 mT static magnetic field (SMF) in combination with HA-Fe3O4 magnetic substrates possessing a varying degree of substrate magnetization was designed for the study. The results demonstrate that an appropriate combination of weakly ferromagnetic substrates and SMF exposure enhanced cell viability, DNA synthesis and caused an early switchover to osteogenic lineage as supported by Runx2 immunocytochemistry and ALP expression. However, the mRNA expression profile of early osteogenic markers (Runx2, ALP, Col IA) was comparable despite varying substrate magnetic properties (diamagnetic to ferromagnetic). On the contrary, a remarkable upregulation of late bone development markers (OCN and OPN) was explicitly detected on weak and strongly ferromagnetic substrates. Furthermore, SMF induced matrix mineralization with elevated calcium deposition on similar substrates, even in the absence of osteogenic supplements. More specifically, the role of SMF in increasing intracellular calcium levels and in inducing cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase was elucidated as the major molecular event triggering osteogenic differentiation. Taken together, the above results demonstrate the competence of magnetic stimuli in combination with magneto-responsive biomaterials as a potential strategy for stem cell based bone tissue engineering.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B
Publisher:	ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
Additional Information:	Copy right for this article belongs to the ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND
Keywords:	OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; IN-VITRO; SINTERED HYDROXYAPATITE; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; MESSENGER-RNA; E. COLI; GROWTH
Department/Centre:	Division of Chemical Sciences > Materials Research Centre Division of Interdisciplinary Sciences > Centre for Nano Science and Engineering
Date Deposited:	22 May 2015 09:18
Last Modified:	22 May 2015 09:18
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/51585

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