Nonhomologous end joining: new accessory factors fine tune the machinery

Ghosh, D and Raghavan, SC (2021) Nonhomologous end joining: new accessory factors fine tune the machinery. In: Trends in Genetics .

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Abstract

Nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) is one of the major DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways in eukaryotes. The well-known critical proteins involved in NHEJ include Ku70/80, DNA-PKcs, Artemis, DNA pol λ/μ, DNA ligase IV�XRCC4, and XLF. Recent studies have added a number of new proteins to the NHEJ repertoire namely paralog of XRCC4 and XLF (PAXX), modulator of retroviral infection (MRI)/ cell cycle regulator of NHEJ (CYREN), transactivation response DNA-binding protein (TARDBP) of 43 kDa (TDP-43), intermediate filament family orphan (IFFO1), ERCC excision repair 6 like 2 (ERCC6L2), and RNase H2. PAXX acts as a stabilizing factor for the main NHEJ components. MRI/CYREN seems to play a dual role stimulating NHEJ in the G1 phase of the cell cycle, while inhibiting the pathway in the S and G2 phases. TDP-43 can recruit the ligase IV�XRCC4 complex to the DSB sites and stimulate ligation in neuronal cells. RNase H2 excises out the ribonucleotides inserted during repair by DNA polymerase μ/TdT. This review provides a brief glimpse into how these new partners were discovered and their contribution to the mechanism and regulation of NHEJ. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	Trends in Genetics
Publisher:	Elsevier Ltd
Additional Information:	The copyright for this article belongs to Elsevier Ltd
Department/Centre:	Division of Biological Sciences > Biochemistry
Date Deposited:	04 Jul 2021 05:43
Last Modified:	04 Jul 2021 05:43
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/68738

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