Neural Dissimilarity Indices That Predict Oddball Detection in Behaviour

Vaidhiyan, Nidhin Koshy and Arun, SP and Sundaresan, Rajesh (2017) Neural Dissimilarity Indices That Predict Oddball Detection in Behaviour. In: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY, 63 (8). pp. 4778-4796.

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Abstract

Neuroscientists have recently shown that images that are difficult to find in visual search elicit similar patterns of firing across a population of recorded neurons. The L-1 distance between firing rate vectors associated with two images was strongly correlated with the inverse of decision time in behavior. But why should decision times be correlated with L-1 distance? What is the decision-theoretic basis? In our decision theoretic formulation, we model visual search as an active sequential hypothesis testing problem with switching costs. Our analysis suggests an appropriate neuronal dissimilarity index, which correlates equally strongly with the inverse of decision time as the L-1 distance. We also consider a number of other possibilities, such as the relative entropy (Kullback-Leibler divergence) and the Chernoff entropy of the firing rate distributions. A more stringent test of equality of means, which would have provided a strong backing for our modeling, fails for our proposed as well as the other already discussed dissimilarity indices. However, test statistics from the equality of means test, when used to rank the indices in terms of their ability to explain the observed results, places our proposed dissimilarity index at the top followed by relative entropy, Chernoff entropy, and the L-1 indices. Computations of the different indices require an estimate of the relative entropy between two Poisson point processes. An estimator is developed and is shown to have near unbiased performance for almost all operating regions.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY
Additional Information:	Copy right for this article belongs to the IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
Department/Centre:	Division of Electrical Sciences > Electrical Communication Engineering
Date Deposited:	12 Aug 2017 04:10
Last Modified:	12 Oct 2018 07:46
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/57596

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