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Microhomology-mediated end joining is the principal mediator of double-strand break repair during mitochondrial DNA lesions

Tadi, Satish Kumar and Sebastian, Robin and Dahal, Sumedha and Babu, Ravi K and Choudhary, Bibha and Raghavan, Sathees C (2016) Microhomology-mediated end joining is the principal mediator of double-strand break repair during mitochondrial DNA lesions. In: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL, 27 (2). pp. 223-235.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E15-05-0260

Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions are associated with various mitochondrial disorders. The deletions identified in humans are flanked by short, directly repeated mitochondrial DNA sequences; however, the mechanism of such DNA rearrangements has yet to be elucidated. In contrast to nuclear DNA (nDNA), mtDNA is more exposed to oxidative damage, which may result in double-strand breaks (DSBs). Although DSB repair in nDNA is well studied, repair mechanisms in mitochondria are not characterized. In the present study, we investigate the mechanisms of DSB repair in mitochondria using in vitro and ex vivo assays. Whereas classical NHEJ (C-NHEJ) is undetectable, microhomology-mediated alternative NHEJ efficiently repairs DSBs in mitochondria. Of interest, robust microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) was observed with DNA substrates bearing 5-, 8-, 10-, 13-, 16-, 19-, and 22-nt microhomology. Furthermore, MMEJ efficiency was enhanced with an increase in the length of homology. Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and protein inhibition assays suggest the involvement of CtIP, FEN1, MRE11, and PARP1 in mitochondrial MMEJ. Knock-down studies, in conjunction with other experiments, demonstrated that DNA ligase III, but not ligase IV or ligase I, is primarily responsible for the final sealing of DSBs during mitochondrial MMEJ. These observations highlight the central role of MMEJ in maintenance of mammalian mitochondrial genome integrity and is likely relevant for deletions observed in many human mitochondrial disorders.

Item Type: Journal Article
Publication: MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
Publisher: AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY
Additional Information: Copy right for this article belongs to the AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY, 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA
Department/Centre: Division of Biological Sciences > Biochemistry
Date Deposited: 17 Feb 2016 05:11
Last Modified: 17 Feb 2016 05:11
URI: http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/53225

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