Generalized distributive law for ML decoding of space-time block codes

Natarajan, Lakshmi Prasad and Rajan, Sundar B (2013) Generalized distributive law for ML decoding of space-time block codes. In: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 59 (5). pp. 2914-2935.

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Abstract

The problem of designing good space-time block codes (STBCs) with low maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding complexity has gathered much attention in the literature. All the known low ML decoding complexity techniques utilize the same approach of exploiting either the multigroup decodable or the fast-decodable (conditionally multigroup decodable) structure of a code. We refer to this well-known technique of decoding STBCs as conditional ML (CML) decoding. In this paper, we introduce a new framework to construct ML decoders for STBCs based on the generalized distributive law (GDL) and the factor-graph-based sum-product algorithm. We say that an STBC is fast GDL decodable if the order of GDL decoding complexity of the code, with respect to the constellation size, is strictly less than M-lambda, where lambda is the number of independent symbols in the STBC. We give sufficient conditions for an STBC to admit fast GDL decoding, and show that both multigroup and conditionally multigroup decodable codes are fast GDL decodable. For any STBC, whether fast GDL decodable or not, we show that the GDL decoding complexity is strictly less than the CML decoding complexity. For instance, for any STBC obtained from cyclic division algebras which is not multigroup or conditionally multigroup decodable, the GDL decoder provides about 12 times reduction in complexity compared to the CML decoder. Similarly, for the Golden code, which is conditionally multigroup decodable, the GDL decoder is only half as complex as the CML decoder.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Publication:	IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Publisher:	IEEE-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc
Additional Information:	Copyright of this article belongs to IEEE-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc.
Keywords:	Decoding; Factor Graphs; Fast Decodable Codes; Generalized Distributive Law (GDL); Low Complexity; Maximum-Likelihood (ML); Multigroup Decodable Codes; Space-Time Block Codes (STBCs); Sum-Product Algorithm
Department/Centre:	Division of Electrical Sciences > Electrical Communication Engineering
Date Deposited:	11 Jun 2013 07:51
Last Modified:	11 Jun 2013 07:51
URI:	http://eprints.iisc.ac.in/id/eprint/46639

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